State-of-the-Art Sparse Direct Solvers.- The Effect of Various Sparsity Structures on Parallelism and Algorithms to Reveal Those Structures.- Structure-Exploiting Interior Point Methods.- Parallel Hybrid Sparse Linear System Solvers.- Computational Material Science and Engineering.- Computational Cardiovascular Analysis with the Variational Multiscale Methods and Isogeometric Discretization.- ALE and Space-Time Variational Multiscale Isogeometric Analysis of Wind Turbines and Turbomachinery.- Variational Multiscale Flow Analysis in Aerospace, Energy, and Transportation Technologies.- Multiscale Crowd Dynamics Modeling and Safety Problems Towards Parallel Computing.- HPC for Weather Forecasting.- A Simple Study of Pleasing Parallelism on Multicore Computers.- Parallel Fast Time-Domain Integral-Equation Methods for Transient Electromagnetism Analysis.- Parallel Optimization Techniques for Machine Learning.