This book is a complete presentation of the most important themes of Theodor W. Adornös critical theory, and of its relevance for the understanding of the modern society. After an Introduction, which traces Adornös biographical and intellectual profile, the book is structured in three parts. The first is devoted to theoretical philosophy, and in particular to the concepts of philosophy, negative dialectics and metaphysics, and his aim is to clarify the Adornian understanding of such difficult concepts. The second is devoted to the main themes of Adornös social theory: the concept of domination, the relationship with Marxism, the theory of the decay of the individual, the critique of mass manipulation. The third part is devoted to aesthetics and culture criticism, and entails a conclusion in which the author outlines a confrontation between the Adornian and the Habermasian critique of modernity.

Stefano Petrucciani is Professor of Political Philosophy at the University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy. His books include: Introduzione a Habermas, (2000), Modelli di filosofia politica (2003), Introduzione a Adorno (2007), Democrazia (2014), Storia del marxismo (2015), Marx critique du libéralisme (2018), Politica. Una introduzione filosofica (2020), and The Ideas of Karl Marx (2020).

1. Introduction.- 2. An Idea of Philosophy.- 3. What Is the Meaning of 'Negative Dialectics'?.- 4. Dialectics and Metaphysics.- 5. An Outdated Philosophy? Adorno's Social Critique.- 6. The Concept of Domination.- 7. Is Marx Obsolete?.- 8. The Decay of the Individual.- 9. The Role of the Media and the Manipulated Democracy.- 10. Aesthetic Theory and Critical Praxis.- 11. Adorno's Engagement with Cultural Criticism.- 12. Myth and Civilisation: Adorno's Reading of Goethe's Iphigenia.- 13. Adorno, Habermas, and the Self-Criticism of Modernity.