This book, comprising contributions presented at the XIX Edoardo Amaldi Conference, examines important aspects of international cooperation aimed at enhancing nuclear safety, security, safeguards (the ¿3S¿), and non-proliferation, thereby assisting in the development and maintenance of the verification regime and progress toward a nuclear weapon-free world. The Conference served as a forum where eminent scientists, diplomats, and policymakers could compare national perspectives and update international collaborations. The book opens by addressing the political, institutional, and legal dimensions of the 3S and non-proliferation; current challenges are discussed and attempts made to identify possible solutions and future improvements. Subsequent sections consider scientific developments that can contribute to increased effectiveness in the implementation of international regimes, particularly in critical areas, technology foresight, and the ongoing evaluation of current capabilities.The closing sections discuss scientific and technical challenges to the effective implementation of the 3S approach and the role of international cooperation and scientific community actions in leading the world toward peace and security.

Luciano Maiani holds the Enrico Fermi Chair at Sapienza University of Rome and is a former Director General of CERN. Prof. Maiani predicted the existence and properties of charged particles (GIM mechanism) crucial to the formulation of a gauge theory of electroweak interactions. Currently, his work is focused on the formation of quark-gluon plasma in heavy ion collisions. Prof. Maiani chaired the XIX Edoardo Amaldi Conference.

Said Abousahl is Head of the Nuclear Safety and Security Unit, European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC), and is responsible for the work program implemented by the JRC institutes (monitoring and evaluation) in the field of nuclear safety, security, safeguards, and non-proliferation. Dr. Abousahl was Co-Chair of the XIX Edoardo Amaldi Conference.

Wolfango Plastino is Scientific Coordinator in the framework of the virtual Data Exploitation Centre (vDEC) of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) for testingand evaluation of algorithms and datasets in support of the verification mission on radionuclide event screening categorization for the International Monitoring System (IMS) and International Noble Gas Experiment (INGE). Prof. Plastino was Scientific Secretary of the XIX Edoardo Amaldi Conference.

Perspectives on Nuclear Safety and Security.- Nuclear Safeguards and Non-Proliferation.- Scientific Community Actions to Shape National Perspectives Towards a Better Synergy Between Safety, Security and Safeguards.- Scientific Community Actions to Shape National Perspectives Towards Nuclear Security Current and Future Challenges.- Scientific Community Actions to Shape Enhanced Nuclear Safeguards and Non-Proliferation Policies.- Scientific and Technical Challenges to the Effective Implementation of the "3s" (Safety, Security and Safeguards) Approach.- Role of International Cooperation And Scientific Community Actions for Enhancing Nuclear Safety, Security, Safeguards and Non--¿Proliferation.