David Hitchcock, professor emeritus of philosophy at McMaster University, is the founding president of the Association for Informal Logic and Critical Thinking, author of Critical Thinking (Methuen, 1983), co-author of Evidence-Based Practice: Logic and Critical Thinking in Medicine (AMA Press, 2005), and co-editor of Arguing on the Toulmin Model (Springer, 2006).

Chapter 1 Deduction, induction and conduction.- Chapter 2 The linked-convergent distinction.- Chapter 3 Postscript.- Chapter 4 Enthymematic arguments.- Chapter 5 Does the traditional treatment of enthymemes rest on a mistake?.- Chapter 6 Toulmin's warrants.- Chapter 7 Non-logical consequence.- Chapter 8 Inference claims.- Chapter 9 Material consequence and counter-factuals.- Chapter 19 Some principles of rational mutual inquiry.- Chapter 20 The practice of argumentative discussion.- The significance of informal logic for philosophy.- Chapter 30 Critical thinking as an educational ideal.

This book brings together in one place David Hitchcock's most significant published articles on reasoning and argument. In seven new chapters he updates his thinking in the light of subsequent scholarship. Collectively, the papers articulate a distinctive position in the philosophy of argumentation.

Among other things, the author:

. develops an account of "material consequence" that permits evaluation of inferences without problematic postulation of unstated premises.

. updates his recursive definition of argument that accommodates chaining and embedding of arguments and allows any type of illocutionary act to be a conclusion.

. advances a general theory of relevance.

. provides comprehensive frameworks for evaluating inferences in reasoning by analogy, means-end reasoning, and appeals to considerations or criteria.

. argues that none of the forms of arguing ad hominem is a fallacy.

. describes proven methods of teaching critical thinking effectively.