The guiding theme of the book is a traditional institution of Tajik culture: mahalla ¿ neighborhood. For centuries it has sustained the existence of Tajik culture, and in times of the greatest religious persecution in the USSR it has helped Islam to survive. In this book the author does not limit himself to the description of mahalla and the explanation of its social functions; a significant part of the book is constituted by a comparison of mahalla with the concept of civil society existing in contemporary Western culture. For this reason, the book examines differences between Eastern and Western cultures, in which the specificity of the first is collectivism, and the second individualism. The author¿s considerations are based on two pillars: firstly, he has great knowledge on theoretical literature and field studies while secondly an important role has been played by the fact that he has spent a large part of his life as a resident of mahalla in Tajikistan before beginning his studies in the West. This very fact has allowed him to meet Western civil society as an observer. Precisely, the experience of living in these different societies permits the author to formulate his own opinions and conclusions, sometimes surprising to the reader.

Saidbek Goziev studied International Relations at the Tajik State University in Dushanbe (Tajikistan). He earned his MA in Politics and Society from the University of Lancaster (United Kingdom) and his PhD in Social Sciences from the Graduate School for Social Research at the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw. His main research interests lie in Sociology, Politics, Diplomacy, History, Religion, Cultural Studies and Anthropology.

Contents: East ¿ West ¿ Individualism ¿ Collectivism ¿ Tajik Culture ¿ Islam ¿ Civil Society ¿ Mahalla ¿ Traditional Institutions ¿ Social Capital ¿ Trust ¿ Soviet Union ¿ Avlod ¿ Qawm ¿ Jamoat ¿ Equality ¿ Hierarchy.