The contributions appearing in this volume are a snapshot of the different topics that were discussed during the Second Conference "Mathematics and Image Processing¿ held at the University of Orléans in 2010. They mainly concern, image reconstruction, texture extraction and image classification and involve a variety of different methods and applications. Therefore it was impossible to split the papers into generic groups which is why they are presented in alphabetic order. However they mainly concern: texture analysis (5 papers) with different techniques (variational analysis, wavelet and morphological component analysis, fractional Brownian fields), geometrical methods (2 papers ) for restoration and invariant feature detection, classification (with multifractal analysis), neurosciences imaging and analysis of Multi-Valued Images.

Function spaces vs. Scaling Functions: Tools for Image Classification. Stéphane Jaffard, Patrice Abry and Stéphane Roux.- A Second Order Model for 3D-texture Extraction. Maïtine Bergounioux and Minh Phuong Tran.- Analysis of Texture Anisotropy Through Extended Fractional Brownian Fields. Hermine Biermé and Frédéric J.P. Richard.- Image Reconstruction via Hypoelliptic Diffusion on the Bundle of Directions of the Plane. Ugo Boscain, Jean Duplaix, Jean-Paul Gauthier, Francesco Rossi.- Projective Invariant Features Detection and the Registration group. Françoise Dibos.- Morphological Component Analysis for Decomposing Dynamic Textures. Sloven Dubois, Renaud Péteri and Michel Ménard.- Texture Enhancing Based on Variational Image Decomposition. F. Frühauf, C. Pontow, O. Scherzer.- A Locally Anisotropic Model for Image Texture Extraction. Loïc Piffet.- A Neural Field Model for Motion Estimation. Émilien Tlapale, Pierre Kornprobst, Guillaume Masson and Olivier Faugeras.- Non-Local Regularization and Registration of Multi-Valued Images by PDE's and VariationalMethods on Higher Dimensional Spaces. David Tschumperlé and Luc Brun.