Invited Papers.- (Tissue) P Systems with Decaying Objects.- Alan Turing and John von Neumann - Their Brains and Their Computers.- Turing's Three Pioneering Initiatives and Their Interplays.- An Outline of MP Modeling Framework.- Turing Computability and Membrane Computing.- Membrane Systems and Hypercomputation.- Regular Papers.- Case-Study on the Influence of Noise to Log-Gain Principles for Flux Dynamic Discovery.- Asynchronous and Maximally Parallel Deterministic Controlled Non-cooperative P Systems Characterize NFIN and coNFIN.- Sequential P Systems with Regular Control.- Mobile Membranes with Objects on Surface as Colored Petri Nets.- On Structures and Behaviors of Spiking Neural P Systems and Petri Nets.- 2D P Colonies.- Fast Distributed DFS Solutions for Edge-Disjoint Paths in Digraphs.- A New Approach for Solving SAT by P Systems with Active Membranes.- Maintenance of Chronobiological Information by P System Mediated Assembly of Control Units for Oscillatory Waveforms and Frequency.- Spiking Neural P Systems with Functional Astrocytes.- The Efficiency of Tissue P Systems with Cell Separation Relies on the Environment.- DCBA: Simulating Population Dynamics P Systems with Proportional Object Distribution.- Membranes with Boundaries.- On Efficient Algorithms for SAT.- Multigraphical Membrane Systems Revisited.- An Analysis of Correlative and Static Causality in P Systems.- Sublinear-Space P Systems with Active Membranes.- Modelling Ecological Systems with the Calculus of Wrapped Compartments.- Observer/Interpreter P Systems.- Limits of the Power of Tissue P Systems with Cell Division.- Fast Hardware Implementations of P Systems.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Membrane Computing, CMC 2012, held in Budapest, Hungary, in August 2012.
The 21 revised selected papers presented together with 6 invited lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 25 papers presented at the conference. The book also deals with membrane systems, also called P systems, which are distributed and parallel algebraic models processing multisets of objects in a localized manner (evolution rules and evolving objects are encapsulated into compartments delimited by membranes), with an essential role played by the communication among compartments and with the environment.