Outline.- I Introduction.- The Genesis of the Project "TA-Eastern Europe".- II The Concept.- Science, Democracy and Technological Risks.- Concepts of Information Society and the Social Function of Information.- The Way Towards a Knowledge Society. Some Barriers not only for Countries in Transition.- Problems of the Production and Application of Knowledge in a Societal Transformation. The Czech Republic's Approach to Knowledge Society.- Innovation and Financial Intensity of R&D in Poland as the Polish Approach to the Knowledge Society.- Russian Way to Information Society and New Understanding of Information Security (Statement).- III The Application Fields of TA.- Information Technology and Organisational Change. The Concept of Technological Practice.- Data - Information - Knowledge. A Trail of a Technological Enlightenment.- Information Technology. The Forgotten Dimension of Modernisation.- Threats of the Global Net-Internet. The State of Development and Inquiry over the Information Society in Poland.- Scientific and Technological Progress, Democracy, Participation and Technology Assessment in Russia.- Transformation of Society and Values in Slovakia.- IV The Judgement.- Rationality and the Use of Language. Technology Assessment for Shaping the Knowledge Society.- Knowledge-and Value-Prerequisites of Evaluation and Decision-Making.- Ethical Norms for the Selection and Transfer of Knowledge.- List of Authors.