I. Theory of Language.- 1. Computational language analysis.- 2. Technology and grammar.- 3. Cognitive foundations of semantics.- 4. Language communication.- 5. Using language signs on suitable contexts.- 6. Structure and functioning of signs.- II. Theory of Grammar.- 7. Generative grammar.- 8. Language hierarchies and complexity.- 9. Basic notions of parsing.- 10. Left-associative grammar (LAG).- 11. Hierarchy of LA-grammar.- 12. LA- and PS-hierarchies in comparison.- III. Morphology and Syntax.- 13. Words and morphemes.- 14. Word form recognition in LA-Morph.- 15. Corpus analysis.- 16. Basic concepts of syntax.- 17. LA-syntax for English.- 18. LA-syntax for German.- IV. Semantics and Pragmatics.- 19. Three system types of semantics.- 20. Truth, meaning, and ontology.- 21. Absolute and contingent propositions.- 22. Database semantics.- 23. Structure and functions of a Slim machine.- 24. A formal fragment of natural language.- Schematic summary.- Conclusion.- A. Another example of a word bank.- A.1 Embedding and extracting information.- A.2 Translating the content of a knowledge base into propositions.- A.3 An equivalent graphical representation.- A.4 Word bank representation.- A.5 Embedding and extracting propositional content.- B.1 The sample sentence.- B.3 Pre-verbal application of DET+N.- B.4 Application of NOM+FV.- B.5 Application of FV+MAIN.- B.6 Reapplication of FV+MAIN.- B.7 Post-verbal application of DET+N.- B.8 Transition to the subordinate clause based on ADD-ADP.- B.9 Beginning of the subordinate clause based on START-SUBCL.- B.10 Reapplication of NOM+FV.- B.11 Completing the subordinate clause with FV+MAIN.- B.12 Result of the derivation.- C. Subordinating navigation in the speaker mode.- C.1 Different navigation types.- C.2 Embedding constructions.- C.3 Realization of clauses with the verb in final position.- C.4 Lexical realization of conjunctions.- C.5 Multiple center embeddings.- Name Index.