Amphibians are an important part of aquatic ecosystems, and decline of amphibian population is a major environmental issue. Pesticides can severely affect amphibians in a variety of ways, as destroy the natural biotic balance in agricultural soils and reduce the diversity and abundance of biodiversity with cascading effects at higher trophic levels. In the present study, investigations were carried out to evaluate the effects of organophosphate (Sandaphos and Titophos) and pyrethroid (Permakil) on the histopathology of frog Rana cyanophlyctis. It was observed that under the effects of Sandaphos, Titophos and Permakil, the necrosis was significantly observed in liver and kidney tissues of treated frogs. On the basis of present findings it is concluded that selected organophosphate (Sandaphos and Titophos) and pyrethroid (Permakil) both are harmful for frogs. The research techniques and information are helpful for graduate and research students of Biological Sciences, Environment and wildlife managers.

Dr. Muhammad Zaheer Khan CVPh.D in Zoology from University of Karachi and Post doctorate from Simon Fraser University, Canada. Specialization in Conservation and Management of Biodiversity, and Environmental Toxicology. Presently working as Associate Professor in the Department of Zoology, University of Karachi. Member of IUCN CPA., CEM.