An athlete or sportsman is a person who competes in one or more sports that involve physical strength, speed and endurance. Lower extremity is more used during various sports and is more prone to injury. The anatomy of the lower extremity itself is complicated. It consists of hip joint, knee joint complex, ankle joint, subtalar joint and other small joints of foot. Lower extremity malalignment determined as a risk factor for acute and chronic lower extremity injuries, including patellofemoral syndrome, anterior cruciate ligament injuries, medial tibial stress syndrome, stress fractures, and plantar fasciitis. Various variables such as height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), total leg length, lower leg length tibiofemoral angle, femur anteversion, Q-angle, genu recurvatum, tibial torsion, navicular drop, etc. can clear the alignments and malalignments of lower extremity. This book is a simpler way to study lower extremity and its alignment measurements in vision of a physiotherapist.

Nihar Ranjan Mohanty é um fisioterapeuta desportivo. Completou o seu BPT da SVNIRTAR & MPT (Desporto) da GNDU. Tem 6 livros e 7 publicações internacionais em papel de investigação em seu nome. É um investigador activo no campo da fisioterapia desportiva/musculo-esquelética. Actualmente é bolseiro de doutoramento no GNDU, Dept. de Fisioterapia.