Justin Martyr, a second-century Gentile Christian apologist, was active in the Christian-Jewish propaganda war to convert each other and the pagans. He radicalized the ideas of St. Paul on the divine Election, Abraham, the Pentateuch, and the Gentiles. Justin's background, sources, and thought, and his place in the inter-religious propaganda war, are discussed, as are the irreconcilable views of Jesus and Paul on the Pentateuch and the Gentiles. Justin Martyr and the Jews considers the place of Paul and Justin's teachings in today's Christian-Jewish dialogue about the roots of early Christian Antisemitism, showing that the presuppositions of Paul and Justin must be abandoned if Christians and Jews today are to reach true understanding.

David Rokéah, Ph.D. (1968) in History, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, is Professor Emeritus of Ancient History and Second-Temple Jewish History, Hebrew University. His many publications on religious relations in the early Christian centuries include Jews, Pagans and Christians in Conflict (Brill, 1982).