This comprehensive book describes the basics of photosynthesis, how life was originated and what significant changes were made after origin of photosynthesis, the differences in bacterial and higher plants' photosynthesis and the evolution and interrelation of different components of photosynthetic machinery. In this chain, different fossil records were provided to put the origin and evolution of photosynthesis beginning from cyanobacteria to higher plants. This book briefed the past hypothesis in research of photosynthetic and the changing mind-sets regarding photosynthesis in recent and future. The book includes different views regarding the effect of different environmental factors on thyllakoid membranes, photosynthetic pigments, reaction centres, antenna system, electron transport chain, photosystems, carbon fixation reactions, Rubisco, etc., under prevailing conditions in the current scenario. The modern technique i.e. fluorescence has also been discussed, which is ecofriendly and generally used to know the performance of PS II photochemistry and to pinpoint the target sites of particular environmental stress. This book includes adaptation strategies including activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds and recovery of photosynthetic apparatus under adverse conditions. Then the broad range of mechanisms including genetic engineering by engineering the photosynthesis-related genes, have been argued to improved the photosynthetic efficiency of plants to encounter the prevailing conditions as well as to improve the quality and quantity of crops by some growth promoting substances implied for the welfare of human beings.

By Vijay Pratap Singh and Samiksha Singh