Historical Overview.- Planetary Nebulae Beyond the Milky Way ¿ Historical Overview.- Planetary Nebulae Beyond the Milky Way ¿ Historical Overview.- Planetary Nebula Surveys.- Surveys for Planetary Nebulae in the Magellanic Clouds.- Surveys for Planetary Nebulae in the Magellanic Clouds.- H-alpha Stacked Images Reveal Large Numbers of PNe in the LMC.- H-alpha Stacked Images Reveal Large Numbers of PNe in the LMC.- The Census of Planetary Nebulae in the Local Group.- The Census of Planetary Nebulae in the Local Group.- Planetary Nebulae in the Outer Disk and Halo of M31.- Planetary Nebulae in the Outer Disk and Halo of M31.- Deep PN Surveys Beyond the Local Group.- Deep PN Surveys Beyond the Local Group.- Planetary Nebulae in NGC 5128 (Centaurus A).- Planetary Nebulae in NGC 5128 (Centaurus A).- Extragalactic Planetary Nebula: Methods of Discovery Using Infrared Photometry.- Extragalactic Planetary Nebula: Methods of Discovery Using Infrared Photometry.- Proposed Nomenclature for Extragalactic Planetary Nebulae.- Proposed Nomenclature for Extragalactic Planetary Nebulae.- The Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function.- The Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function.- The Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function.- The PNLF Distance to the Sculptor Group Galaxy NGC 55.- The PNLF Distance to the Sculptor Group Galaxy NGC 55.- PN Stellar Progenitors.- Mass Loss At the Tip of the AGB: Essentials for Population Synthesis.- Mass Loss At the Tip of the AGB: Essentials for Population Synthesis.- AGB Stars in the Local Group, and Beyond.- AGB Stars in the Local Group, and Beyond.- Abundance Gradients in Local Group Galaxies Using Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars.- Abundance Gradients in Local Group Galaxies Using Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars.- Red Giant Stars in NGC 5128.- Red Giant Stars in NGC 5128.- Molecules in the AGB Stars of Nearby Galaxies.- Molecules in the AGB Stars of Nearby Galaxies.- Clues on Post-Asymptotic Giant Branch Evolution and Planetary Nebulae Populations from the Magellanic Clouds.- Clues on Post-Asymptotic Giant Branch Evolution and Planetary Nebulae Populations from the Magellanic Clouds.- Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae in the Magellanic Clouds.- Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae in the Magellanic Clouds.- Stellar Winds of Central Stars of the LMC PNe.- Stellar Winds of Central Stars of the LMC PNe.- Parameters of PNe: Constant Density versus Density Distribution.- Parameters of PNe: Constant Density versus Density Distribution.- Physical Conditions of PNe.- Plasma Diagnostics and Elemental Abundance Determinations for PNe ¿ Current Status.- Plasma Diagnostics and Elemental Abundance Determinations for PNe ¿ Current Status.- Probing Nebular Physical Conditions Using the Hydrogen Recombination Spectrum.- Probing Nebular Physical Conditions Using the Hydrogen Recombination Spectrum.- A Reexamination of Electron Density Diagnostics for Ionized Gaseous Nebulae.- A Reexamination of Electron Density Diagnostics for Ionized Gaseous Nebulae.- Probing the Nebular Thermal Structure Using the He i Recombination Spectrum and Evidence Against Temperature Fluctuations and Density Inhomogeneities.- Probing the Nebular Thermal Structure Using the He i Recombination Spectrum and Evidence Against Temperature Fluctuations and Density Inhomogeneities.- Chemically Inhomogeneous Photoionization Modelling of the Planetary Nebula SMC N87.- Chemically Inhomogeneous Photoionization Modelling of the Planetary Nebula SMC N87.- An Optical Recombination Line Abundance Survey for Galactic Bulge Planetary Nebulae.- An Optical Recombination Line Abundance Survey for Galactic Bulge Planetary Nebulae.- MOCASSIN: 3D Photoionisation and Dust Radiative Transfer Modelling of PNe.- MOCASSIN: 3D Photoionisation and Dust Radiative Transfer Modelling of PNe.- C III] Imagery of Planetary Nebulae and Extragalactic H II Regions.- C III] Imagery of Planetary Nebulae and Extragalactic H II Regions.- CRIRES and VISIR, ESO¿s Latest Tools for Infrared Studies of PNe beyond the Milky Way.- CRIRES and VISIR, ESO¿s Latest Tools for Infrared Studies of PNe beyond the Milky Way.- PNe as Chemical Probes of Galaxies.- Chemical Composition of Planetary Nebulae: The Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds.- Chemical Composition of Planetary Nebulae: The Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds.- Planetary Nebulae in the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy.- Planetary Nebulae in the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy.- What PNe Could Tell About Extinction Inside External Galaxies.- What PNe Could Tell About Extinction Inside External Galaxies.- Planetary Nebulae as Probes of the Chemical Evolution of Dynamically Hot Systems.- Planetary Nebulae as Probes of the Chemical Evolution of Dynamically Hot Systems.- A Study of Chemical Abundances of Planetary Nebulae in M33.- A Study of Chemical Abundances of Planetary Nebulae in M33.- The Inner Abundance Gradient of M33 from Bright Planetary Nebulae.- The Inner Abundance Gradient of M33 from Bright Planetary Nebulae.- Crowded Field 3D Spectrophotometry of Extragalactic Planetary Nebulae.- Crowded Field 3D Spectrophotometry of Extragalactic Planetary Nebulae.- Extragalactic PNe Observed with 3D Spectroscopy.- Extragalactic PNe Observed with 3D Spectroscopy.- Spectroscopy of Planetary Nebulae in Sextans A and Sextans B.- Spectroscopy of Planetary Nebulae in Sextans A and Sextans B.- Local Group Census: The Dwarf Irregular Galaxy NGC6822.- Local Group Census: The Dwarf Irregular Galaxy NGC6822.- Spectroscopy of PNe in Sextans A, Sextans B, NGC 3109 and Fornax.- Spectroscopy of PNe in Sextans A, Sextans B, NGC 3109 and Fornax.- Planetary Nebula Abundances in NGC 5128 with VLT FORS.- Planetary Nebula Abundances in NGC 5128 with VLT FORS.- PNe as Kinematic Probes of Galaxies.- Galaxy Dynamics and the PNe Population.- Galaxy Dynamics and the PNe Population.- Mapping the Stellar Dynamics of M31.- Mapping the Stellar Dynamics of M31.- A Keck/Deimos Survey of Red Giant Branch Stars in the Outskirts of M31.- A Keck/Deimos Survey of Red Giant Branch Stars in the Outskirts of M31.- Planetary Nebulae in NGC 5128 with VLT FLAMES.- Planetary Nebulae in NGC 5128 with VLT FLAMES.- Probing Halos with PNe: Mass and Angular Momentum in Early-Type Galaxies.- Probing Halos with PNe: Mass and Angular Momentum in Early-Type Galaxies.- Modelling Kinematics and Dark Matter: The Halos of Elliptical Galaxies.- Modelling Kinematics and Dark Matter: The Halos of Elliptical Galaxies.- Dynamics of Rotating Elliptical Galaxies.- Dynamics of Rotating Elliptical Galaxies.- Dynamics of the NGC 4636 Globular Cluster System.- Dynamics of the NGC 4636 Globular Cluster System.- Dynamics of the Elliptical Galaxy NGC 4697 from Integrated Light and PNe.- Dynamics of the Elliptical Galaxy NGC 4697 from Integrated Light and PNe.- Planetary Nebulae as Dynamical Tracers: Mass-to-Light-Ratio Gradients in Early-Type Galaxies.- Planetary Nebulae as Dynamical Tracers: Mass-to-Light-Ratio Gradients in Early-Type Galaxies.- PNe in the Intracluster Environment.- Intracluster Planetary Nebulae as Probes of Intracluster Starlight.- Intracluster Planetary Nebulae as Probes of Intracluster Starlight.- Planetary Nebulae as Tracers of Galaxy Clusters.- Planetary Nebulae as Tracers of Galaxy Clusters.- Planetary Nebulae as Tracers of the Intergalactic Stellar Background: A Population Synthesis Theoretical Approach.- Planetary Nebulae as Tracers of the Intergalactic Stellar Background: A Population Synthesis Theoretical Approach.- The Survival of Planetary Nebulae in the Intracluster Medium.- The Survival of Planetary Nebulae in the Intracluster Medium.- Prospects.- Extragalactic Planetary Nebulae: Observational Challenges and Future Prospects.- Extragalactic Planetary Nebulae: Observational Challenges and Future Prospects.

In the last decade extra-galactic planetary nebulae (PNe) have gained increasing importance. Improved observational capabilities have allowed fainter and fainter PNe to be studied in galaxies well beyond the Milky Way. Planetary nebulae can be detected to at least 30Mpc. They are found in galaxies of all types and also between the galaxies in nearby galaxy clusters. They are valuable as probes, both for providing the velocity of their host stars and also the evolutionary status and relation to the stellar population from which they formed.
This book contains the proceedings of a workshop held at ESO headquarters in Garching in 2004, the first meeting devoted entirely to Extra-galactic Planetary Nebulae. A wide range of topics is covered, from stellar and nebular astrophysics to galactic dynamics and galaxy clusters, making this volume a unique and timely reference of broad astrophysical interest.